Guatemala

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Guatemala, officially the Republic of Guatemala (Spanish: Repblica de Guatemala, IPA: [re'puβlika e ɣwate'mala]), is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the northwest, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize and the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast.

 
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The most populous nation in Central America, Guatemala is best known for its historical role as a major seat of Pre-Columbian cultures, particularly the Mayans. Numerous sites of major archaeological significance have been discovered, including the ruins of the ancient city of Tikal. The abundance of sites helps supply the nation with a healthy stream of tourists (1.5 million in 2006).[1] Guatemala is also home to several volcanoes, some of which can be climbed even though they are still active. Lake Atitlan is a large lake with volcanoes on its shores. Legend has it that the entire lake is actually the huge crater of an ancient volcano. Other than tourism, Guatemala's economy depends largely upon agriculture, with coffee and sugar

Guatemala is a representative democracy with its capital at Guatemala City. Although the nation has been relatively stable since 1996, Guatemala's recent history has been plagued by civil war and military coups, which have slowed the nation's development. Large portions of Guatemala's interior remain wholly undeveloped, including the nation's many rainforests and wetlands. Guatemala's abundance of biologically significant and unique ecosystems contribute to Mesoamerica's designation as an important biodiversity hotspot.[2] 

 

Repblica de Guatemala
Republic of Guatemala
Flag of Guatemala Coat of arms of Guatemala
Flag Coat of arms
Motto
El Pas de la Eterna Primavera [citation needed]
"Land of Eternal Spring"
Anthem
Himno Nacional de Guatemala
 
Capital
(and largest city)
Guatemala City
1438′N, 9030′W
Official languages Spanish
Government Presidential republic
 -  President Oscar Berger
Independence from Spain 
 -  Date September 15, 1821 
Area
 -  Total 108,890 km (106th)
42,042 sq mi 
 -  Water (%) 0.4
Population
 -  July 2005 estimate 12,800,000 (70th)
 -  Density 134.6 /km (85th)
348.6 /sq mi
GDP (PPP) 2005 estimate
 -  Total $62.78 billion (71st)
 -  Per capita $4,155 (116th)
Gini? (2002) 55.1 (high
HDI (2004) 0.673 (medium) (117th)
Currency Quetzal (GTQ)
Time zone (UTC-6)
Internet TLD .gt
Calling code +502